Spinal Cord Stimulation (SCS): A Guide to the Trial and Permanent Procedure
What is Spinal Cord Stimulation (SCS)?
Spinal Cord Stimulation (SCS) is an advanced treatment that uses low-voltage electrical impulses to alleviate chronic pain in the back, arms, and legs. By delivering these pulses directly to the spinal cord, the system interrupts pain signals before they reach the brain, replacing them with a more pleasant sensation.
SCS is a highly effective option for patients suffering from neuropathic pain who have not found relief through conservative treatments like physical therapy or medication.
Phase 1: The Spinal Cord Stimulator Trial
Before a permanent device is implanted, patients undergo a “test drive” known as a trial implantation. This determines if the technology effectively manages your specific pain.
Lead Placement: After local anesthesia is applied, a physician inserts thin, insulated wire leads into the epidural space (the area surrounding the spinal cord) using a specialized needle or a small incision.
Real-Time Feedback: During the procedure, you will provide feedback to help the doctor position the electrodes for maximum pain coverage.
The Trial Period: These leads are connected to an external battery worn on a belt. You will test the system for approximately one week in your daily life to evaluate its effectiveness.
Phase 2: Determining Success
If the trial results in a significant reduction in pain (typically 50% or more) and improves your quality of life, you and your physician may proceed to a permanent implant. At the conclusion of the trial, the temporary leads are easily removed.
Phase 3: Permanent SCS Implantation
The permanent procedure is a routine surgery typically performed under sedation or general anesthesia.
Lead Positioning: Using the data from your successful trial, the surgeon places permanent leads into the precise location within the epidural space.
Generator Placement: A small incision is made—usually in the upper buttock or abdomen—to create a pocket for the Implantable Pulse Generator (IPG). This battery-powered device is the “brain” of the system.
Connection: The leads are tunneled under the skin and connected to the IPG.
Post-Procedure: Wireless Control
Once the incisions heal, the system is entirely internal. You will receive an external wireless programmer (similar to a remote control or smartphone app) that allows you to:
Turn the stimulation on or off.
Increase or decrease the power levels.
Switch between different programs tailored to different activities or pain levels.
Benefits of Spinal Cord Stimulation
Non-Opioid: Reduces or eliminates the need for heavy pain medications.
Reversible: The system can be turned off or removed if necessary.
Personalized: Customizable settings allow for targeted relief.
Note: Consult with a pain management specialist to see if you are a candidate for SCS therapy.
